Support Childrens and Young People’s Health and Safety

2. 1 Demonstrate how to recognize possible dangers to the wellbeing, wellbeing and security of youngsters or youngsters, families and different guests and associates. co.uk/2-5-sanitation/>Food security:- †¢Appropriate attire when taking care of food I wear latex gloves and cover and consistently tie my hair back †¢Washing hands-youngsters are encouraged the significance of why washing hands should be done when taking care of food. †¢Food stock-at our school we have staff who are accountable for ensuring the milk and natural product is in date and put away accurately. They disseminate it around the school. Sensitivities to food-we convey and keep a document of assent structures. In my group there is a young lady who is adversely affected by eggs and fish so when she handles them she needs to wear latex gloves. †¢Age identical gear we have plastic blades for the more youthful youngsters to utilize. Before utilizing hardware it is altogether cleaned and checked f or harm or blames. We have cutlery with extraordinary grippers for kids with exceptional or additional requirements. †¢Food put away at the right temperature-if utilizing nourishment for examinations or heating I should ensure it is put away effectively and at the correct temperature to stop it going off. Food is in date-when utilizing food in school I check the dates on the food before utilizing it for any action, if a youngster or individual from staff was to eat go off food they could turn out to be truly inadequately. †¢Food is discarded effectively while discarding unused or extra food we have containers outside of the structure explicitly for food squander. Physical:- †¢Checking the earth I generally ensure the study hall is sheltered before the kids enter, if going outside I check the zone for any risks. †¢Display barricades ensure they are to date and show notification to the youngsters, staff and guests on the most proficient method to be sheltered aroun d the school condition. Gear ensure all hardware is chance surveyed and PAT stickers/stamps are in date before utilizing hardware. If kids somehow managed to utilize a defective PC they could be shocked. †¢Spillages-tidy up any spills in the homeroom, in my group the youngsters bring juice bottles for break time when they hole or spill I tidy it up quickly to forestall slips and falls. †¢Trip perils links to PCs and white sheets must be far off for the youngsters in such a case that they were to trip they could without much of a stretch hurt themselves. Security:- Unlocked entryways: †I generally watch that the doors are bolted previously permitting the kids to head outside, this stops the kids getting out and unapproved individuals entering. †¢Sign in-when entering the school grounds you should sign in and out, you are given with a guest sticker to show the remainder of the individuals in the school that you are a guest. †¢Electronic critics all staff in my school have electronic critics this is so you can pick up passage around the structure. This stops outsiders and unapproved individuals accessing the school. Telephone framework in our school we have phones in every homeroom and room, this is so if a mishap or occurrence happens staff are alarmed right away. Fire:- †¢Don’t spread radiators-in our school we have blow warmers and these must never be secured my wet or sodden attire, they will overheat and could burst into flames. †¢New understudies/staff-when another individual from staff or student joins the school they are made mindful of the fire systems, they are given a voyage through the structures and made mindful of the fire exits. Fluids by electrical things we are not permitted to keep cups or glasses with any fluids in or around the study hall, if they somehow happened to be spilt by the PC that would be a fire hazard. Kids juice bottles are kept in a plate away from any electrical hardware. †¢Fire dri lls-when the alarm goes off we line the youngsters up on the play area and complete a head tally to ensure all understudies are available. Individual security:- †¢Correct footwear-in our school we are not permitted to wear open toed shoes or shoes. If we somehow happened to drop or spill something on our feet we could truly hurt ourselves. Guardians evening-we hold our folks evening in the lobby, all instructors are together and never left alone. The instructing colleagues run a creche office together so we are never taken off alone with the kids or guardians either. †¢After hours-when guardians need a gathering with their child’s class instructor I generally ensure I am available in the study hall so the educator isn't disregarded. †¢Jewellery-we can wear stud type hoops yet are not permitted to wear bands or dangly hoops, this is on the grounds that they can without much of a stretch get captured or tore out by the kids.

Defamation act :: essays research papers

Hickson V. Channel 4      It is evident that this case falls inside the limits of the maligning demonstration. Be that as it may, there are numerous sensible and far from being obviously true inquiries inside these limits. It is likewise evident that channel 4 is appropriate and fits all the rules for the Actual Malice rule. In spite of the fact that channel 4 has made cases that the flawed cases made in their distribution of the passing of Mrs Hickson’s little girl on December 4, 2002 was just an innocent error and disgorging of the data transferred by the AP. I discover this announcement bearing no reality because of the reality channel 4’s story doesn’t withstand to the realities introduced in AP story, in this manner exacting different negative ramifications on Mrs. Hickson’s notoriety, affordable solidness and psychological wellness.      Channel 4 is unmistakably an open asset/figure that is a lot of appropriate for the Actual Malice rule. By and large one can't be blameworthy of genuine malevolence because of the inability to research reality of the charges. For this very explanation the AP story has done nothing incorrectly next to submit a fair journalistic slip-up, which isn't justification for mistreatment. Despite the fact that channel 4’s story looks somewhat like the story printed by the AP there is evident creations inside their story, which is obviously wild respect for reality.      Regarding criticism on Mrs. Hickson’s sake, it is additionally certain that channel 4’s article has dispensed changeless harm on her character and open regard. There are away from articulations of reality manufactured by channel 4 not to specifies it is apparent that Mrs. Hickson was at home during the passing of her little girl and it isn't reasonable for her to get the sadness of being an untrustworthy single parent (damage to Hickson’s notoriety). These announcements are clearly of and concerning Mrs. Hickson. Mrs. Hickson allegations of channel 4 creation and case of her may not be valid anyway they are sensible and futher the harm done by the supposed manufactures satiated by channel 4. Mrs. Hickson has likewise endured some genuine psychological well-being issues that have cost extraordinary measures of cash and have been in part powered by the deceptions of her daughter’s demise by channel 4’s distributions of the occasion (awa y from of harm). Mrs. Hickson’s has lost the regard of the network and this has made it hard for her to get a legitimate line of work or just be socially acknowledged. Above all, channels 4’s Reckless negligence for reality has along these lines cost her 16 months of joblessness and the loss of future pay. Slander act :: articles look into papers Hickson V. Channel 4      It is evident that this case falls inside the limits of the maligning demonstration. Notwithstanding, there are numerous sensible and far from being obviously true inquiries inside these limits. It is additionally certain that channel 4 is appropriate and fits all the rules for the Actual Malice rule. In spite of the fact that channel 4 has made cases that the broken cases made in their distribution of the demise of Mrs Hickson’s little girl on December 4, 2002 was essentially an innocent mix-up and spewing forth of the data transferred by the AP. I discover this announcement bearing no reality because of the reality channel 4’s story doesn’t stand to the realities introduced in AP story, along these lines causing different negative ramifications on Mrs. Hickson’s notoriety, conservative soundness and psychological wellness.      Channel 4 is plainly an open asset/figure that is a lot of reasonable for the Actual Malice rule. For the most part one can't be liable of real vindictiveness because of the inability to research reality of the claims. For this very explanation the AP story has done nothing incorrectly close to submit a fair journalistic mix-up, which isn't justification for abuse. Despite the fact that channel 4’s story looks to some extent like the story printed by the AP there is evident manufactures inside their story, which is plainly foolish respect for reality.      Regarding maligning on Mrs. Hickson’s sake, it is likewise certain that channel 4’s article has exacted lasting harm on her character and open regard. There are away from proclamations of actuality manufactured by channel 4 not to makes reference to it is apparent that Mrs. Hickson was at home during the demise of her little girl and it isn't reasonable for her to get the despondency of being an unreliable single parent (mischief to Hickson’s notoriety). These announcements are clearly of and concerning Mrs. Hickson. Mrs. Hickson allegations of channel 4 creation and case of her may not be valid anyway they are sensible and futher the harm done by the supposed manufactures satisfied by channel 4. Mrs. Hickson has likewise endured some genuine emotional well-being issues that have cost remarkable measures of cash and have been incompletely filled by the deceptions of her daughter’s passing by channel 4’s distributions of the occasion ( away from of harm). Mrs. Hickson’s has lost the regard of the network and this has made it hard for her to get a trustworthy line of work or just be socially acknowledged. Above all, channels 4’s Reckless dismissal for reality has in this way cost her 16 months of joblessness and the loss of future salary.

How to Compare and Contrast Essay

How to Compare and Contrast EssayIf you are preparing for your exam and need to find out how to compare and contrast essay, you will find that it is a very easy thing to do. The examples that are given are easy to follow and do not require any special knowledge or skills to be able to do the job.When looking for the proper sample, you need to look for something that is brief and concise. You will also want to look for one that has many examples and do not simply limit yourself to just one idea. You can use this information to supplement what you have already learned during your course work.As for the form of the sample, you should start with the first paragraph and then continue to the second paragraph. Then, you need to continue to the third paragraph and so on and so forth. It is important to look at the order of each paragraph in order to determine how many minutes of reading will be needed to finish the entire work. The last paragraph should then be read in sequence.Comparing and contrasting essay is something that is very important in writing an essay, especially if you are looking to write an essay for a test. One of the first things that you need to know is that it is necessary to write down the ideas that you are going to compare and contrast. After you have done this, it is important to remember to write it down so that you can review it when you are writing it down.You should also be very careful with the wordings of the sentences. The importance of this is that you want to make sure that they are grammatically correct and that there are no mistakes in them. A lot of people will have trouble with writing a good essay, especially when they do not know how to compare and contrast essay. There are a lot of times when you can get into trouble by going over important information and putting it into one sentence instead of separating the information that you need to put together.In the final part of the essay, you need to follow the same procedures as in th e first paragraph. Make sure that you review the idea of the essay at least once, and use the information that you have learned throughout the whole piece. Do not use a lot of repetition of the material, but rather make sure that you present the information clearly.Comparing and contrasting essay is an easy way to write an essay that is well written and will give you the best grade that you can get. As long as you write the essay well, the basic principles of essay writing will be applied. If you write poorly, the chances are that you will have a hard time passing your test and the easiest way to avoid this is to write well.There are many types of samples of compare and contrast essay that you can use to help you learn the techniques that you need to understand to write an essay that will be great. One of the best ways to do this is to make sure that you take advantage of the right tools and that you get all of the information that you need to write the essay.

Project and Program Management - 527 Words

Every Successful Business depends upon Project and Program Management. The Program Management is the discipline of managing of interdependent groups of project and it is a great challenging and complex process of coordinating several related product development projects, often with the intention of improving the performance of a company or an organization. Mostly, those are governed by a contract between the companies or enterprises. For Program success good governance is very critical element in any program management. Program management includes value management, asset management, Risk Management, Trend analysis and Human Capital management. The major responsibility of Program Management is to own and oversee the program implementation underlying IT and business strategies and moreover, the responsibility includes the allocation, the utilization and the last but not least Direction that can be assigned to the people of the best three levels in the program management hierarchy. SBS Program Management involves align of the project so, to achieve the goals of program in the regards of the major 3 Critical elements of organisation: 1)The Corporate Strategy. 2)As usual Environment of Business. 3)Delivery Mechanisms for a change. SBS Program Management process knowledge areas are Procurement management, Quality management, Risk Management, Integration Management, Human resource management, Communication management, Critical Path Scheduling, Design Management, Quality controlShow MoreRelatedProject Management Training Program Project2081 Words   |  9 PagesProject Management Training Project management has been defined as the process that involves the application of different processes, methods, knowledge, experience and skills for purposes of achieving the objectives of the project. 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The PERT identifies the worst, best and most likely case scenarios and aids the project manager in developing a simple project schedule while consideringRead MoreProject Management Institute s Online Certification Program957 Words   |  4 PagesToday, many businesses use proven historical methods with in their organizations to improve strategic project management and problem solving techniques of employees in order for those employees to work in a much more efficient manner to add value to the company. 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Social Injustices Essay - 1481 Words

Over the years in our country’s history it has been apparent that the idea of same sex marriages is becoming much more popular, however in most states there is still one thing stopping them. That one thing stopping two people from the pursuit of happiness which they desire is a social injustice. Social injustices are situations where a person or group of people is treated unfairly due to certain factors for example discrimination, prejudice, racism, heterosexism, sexism, and so forth. In the case of same sex marriages, the factor playing a major role in this social injustice is where most people believe that opposite sexes attract, but in the case of a same sex couple wanting to be married, this brings about many topics to be discussed by†¦show more content†¦Yes it may be a totally different scenario worth fighting for, however it is the way you go about fighting for something you believe in that makes the difference. In the case of the Loving couple from Virginia ho wever, they went to courts and were turned down, but in the end got what they wanted. In the case of same sex marriage and the social injustices against it, the best idea would be to take a legislative approach in order to find change. Due to the fact that violence and riots usually don’t get people very far, a legislative approach would be the logical and realistic way to make the best change, after a legal approach with courts. By taking it to the legislature, this would allow for a law to be made which could not reject couples of the same sex to get married, and doing so with the intentions of not using violence. Might Fight would definitely not be a good idea here, as there is no war to be fought, and a war fought over not allowing same sex marriages would just not be appropriate. Civil disobedience would also not be the best option, as you are not trying to disobey a law which you disagree with; rather you are trying to allow for something that is being refused and held from you. As stated by the Declaration of Independence, â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights that among these are Life, Lib erty and theShow MoreRelatedInjustice And Social Injustices1532 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Though the concept of social injustice is universal in nature, the experience varies with each person. Factors like a person’ race, or gender can further influence the severity of the injustice; victims caught in the overlap between discriminations often go unrecognized by the law and society. Many people recognize the names Michael Brown, Eric Garner, and Tamir Rice as African Americans who were murdered by local police. 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It explains how the ‘miserable’ or the ‘victims’ are damned to the life of poverty and thievery and become the scum of French society not because they wanted to but because they needed to survive. The main character of Les Misà ©rables is an ex-convict, Jean ValjeanRead MoreCrowd Individuality Essay1666 Words   |  7 PagesShirley Jackson’s The Lottery, and Chitra Divakaruni’s Live Free and Starve, all share commonalities, such as ignorance and peer pressure which causes lack of individuality; this results in the social, political, and economic injustices that Orwell saw prevalent in society. Many social injustices are at fault of the uninformed public, because it can allow a myriad of people to accept a tradition or ideal that is not moral correct. Truly, this is just because they do not know any better.Read MoreSocial Injustices953 Words   |  4 Pages Social Injustices Today’s society contains a variety of social injustices. 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Essay on Victorian and Edwardian Economic History

3Victorian/Edwardian Era (Notes) Past Exam Questions 2010: 1) INSTITUTIONS Any industrial decline evident in late Victorian Britain can be attributed to inadequate institutions for financing the development of domestic industry. Discuss. 2) EDUCATION The Englishman’s lack of scientific and technical education has been blamed for the failure to develop new industries and engage in RD in late Victorian Britain. Is it the case that scientific education was deficient and, therefore, problematic for the development of industry? 3) LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY/CROSS-COUNRTY INDUSTRY SPECIALISATION Stephen Broadberry has attributed long-term differences in labour productivity between the UK, USA and Germany over the period 1870-1914 to†¦show more content†¦It is just a residual. MFOS discussion 1. Sectoral Decline of the manufacturing and industry sectors in favour of the service sector. (Problem: requires reweighting of TFP contributions) UK skilled labour = comp. advantage in service sector which did not see a fall in TFP growth. Transport, utilities and communications had faster TFP growth in LV Manufacturing TFP growth only fell from 0.9% to 0.6% Mining (neg), construction and agriculture growth declined significantly. Geographical problems. 2. Edwardian Period Included in MFOS data. Worst performing period. 1901-1907: Ind. Prod/head = -0.8% GDP growth 0.4%, TFP growth = -0.1%. Edwardian era distorts performance of LV period. 3. Labour Changing levels of education and work effort Evidence of Climacteric Decline reduced Relative Comparison USA overtook UK in 1880 for GNP. UK anomalous to be the only country not to converge. Solomou: UK share of world exports 19% - 16% 1872 – 1900. (Level of int. protection?) USA overtook the UK in industrial and manufacturing prod. in the 1920s. Different resource bases. USA had larger endowment of capital/resources, large market demand and expensive labour = possibility for mass production. UK rationally used labour intensive prod. Cheap, skilled labour, workers reluctance to adopt capital/TUs prevented the UK move into ‘new’ industries and use labour intensive prod. instead. 1913: USA the only country in the world to overtake the UK both inShow MoreRelatedThe Sandringham House970 Words   |  4 Pageswas not the same as what it look like at present. More than 3 renowned architects were invited to design and reconstruct this house in history. As time went on and technology developed, almost all elements including style, shape, materials as well as decoration have changed. This part will introduce these variations in details with respect to period. The history of the Sandringham estate could be dated from 1686 when document show its sale by the Cobbe family. 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Within twenty years, the span of a single generation, mobilization and its propaganda, convinced a people without a tradition of military service to acceptRead MoreHistory of Social Work18530 Words   |  75 Pagesof Social Sciences Compiled by S.Rengasamy-History of Social Welfare / Social Work Contents History of Social Welfare/ Social Work ..........................................................................................................................3 The need to understand history of social work .............................................................................................................3 Framework to understand History of Social Welfare / Social Work ...............

Body Image in Women free essay sample

Jerrica Quinton November 10, 2011 English 1010 Professor Eden The Impact of Media Images and their Effects on Body Image in Women Proposal: In our society, media has a big influence on how people act, live, and feel about them selves. The ideal image of what is considered â€Å"beautiful† is decided upon what the media provides us with. It is an ongoing struggle to follow our own beliefs and be our own person when there is so much influence in magazines, TV shows, and movies that are â€Å"examples† to teenagers and even adults. The unrealistic beauty that the media portrays today is blinding our generation. The media is brainwashing people to look a certain way and that not a single flaw is allowed. With the way the media and the entertainment world runs, society’s view of beauty is limited to perfectness. If society weren’t seen as so picture perfect and â€Å"fake†, then maybe there would be fewer problems with self-esteem within women and there would be a more positive outcome. Three specific areas in which media is the most influential are modeling, sports, and the celebrity scene In modeling, models are pressured to have a certain thinness that makes the viewer observe beauty in an unhealthy way. Sports are very athletic, and seen as one healthy way to become skinny and fit, but in reality there are lots of problems with steroids, and eating disorders. In the Celebrity world, most who are seen on the red carpet are never as much as they seem; there is always some kind of unreal appearance to them. Along with the image of looking skinny, more and more stores are holding smaller sizes, limiting larger girls to what they can wear. Girls are also more caught up with what they look like and care less about things such as education and career. I knew someone who went into Hollister to buy a shirt, and they didn’t carry an extra large. I remember when she finally fit into a large, she was finally so happy because of how much she loved that store. Steroids and drugs are unfair and unhealthy and are mostly seen in the professional sports area. The media has made professional athletes to been seen as gods, they can run fast, jump higher, swing harder, etc. then the average person. No matter what sport it is athletes are put up on a pedestal for being extremely mind blowing and doing the unthinkable that nobody else can, being a â€Å"Legend†. It makes them seem untouchable, so the media puts them in ads to pursue the consumers to want to be more like the pros. Also, within sports, working too much while trying to live up to their name can cause serious physical problems. For example Olympic swimming legend Michael Phelps had been suspended from competitions for three months after he was picture apparently using illegal drugs. The pressure of performing your best can be a lot to handle on athletes; the fame can go to their heads, leading athletes to believe they can do whatever they want without any consequences. Which leads consumers that look up to them, to think so as well. In the celebrity world, it’s considered normal to be a size zero and to have the body that would only be seen in magazines. It’s wrong to want to distort your body to make it look perfect. To celebrities, however, it is their appearance that makes them famous; to the public, looking like a celebrity could make them feel wanted and famous too, but in reality you should appreciate your body for what it is and not worry about what others may specifically look like. For example, Miley Cyrus is a big time American Disney Channel Star and her peers are teenagers and young women who look up to her. Now that she is all grown up and into the whole celebrity scene, she is dressing more scandalous and has even been caught drinking. The influence that society has on us, the viewers, is similar to that of parents to their children. It’s like the saying, â€Å"monkey see, monkey do†. Children grow up and learn from their parents. They see the way their parents act and so they think that it’s right and it’s the way they should act as well. I see this a lot today with racism. If a child’s parents are discriminant towards a different race, then most likely that child will be too. Whatever their parents do, they deem correct and right. You are never born to think a certain way. It has to be taught and to be engrained in your body. The topic of how media negatively affects the image of young girls will provide a reason to why the media should stop limiting the idea of what counts as being â€Å"beautiful†. Most women and young teenagers are stressed about their skin, weight, and overall appearance, which can lead to eating disorders and other dangerous disorders that can cause serious problems. This is being caused by the typical commercials and billboard adds we see everyday. The make-up ads and the weight loss commercials, such as â€Å"Maybelline,† and â€Å"Weight Watchers†, are the causing factors to young women desperately wanting plastic surgery or being diagnosed with anorexia. My thesis on this issue is that the media and advertisements negatively influences young women to cause harm to their bodies by strictly defining ‘Body Perfect’ ideals that are both artificial and biologically inappropriate and unrealistic. To prove this thesis, I will use evidence from articles called â€Å"The Media’s Influence on Body Image Disturbance and Eating Disorders,† a article called, â€Å" The Effects of Beautiful Models in Ads on Female Pre-Adolescents and Adolescents†, a article called â€Å"Images in Magazines and On Television Increase Body Dissatisfactions†, and other advertisements on society’s idea of beauty. With statistics and persuasive articles from online sources, I will prove how the media influences women and young girls to eat, dress and talk a certain way. The effectiveness of media continues to increase as more and more commercials are created with the idea of the ultimate perfect beauty. I feel this will be a successful topic to address because media images and their affect on body image is a serious influential issue in our society, and it has such a strong effect on every one of all ages, and even all genders. It has the power to either harm or help everyone, depending on which way the topic is being broadcast. In my paper, I plan to address the following: How body image has changed overtime; how body image was perceived 10-20 years ago compared to what it is now. * How different products in society use body image as a way to sell. * How strong of an effect body image and the media has on people. Is the effect stronger on the younger generation or older? How is each age group/gender affected in similar or different ways? * Is body image the most influential factor in low self-esteem in women and young teenagers? Can it be changed? * How other cultures and countries perceive what is beauty and perfect body image? What are different peoples’ perspectives on the topic? How have they been personally affected by it? * Is using body image the ideal way for companies to sell their products? Advertising is a destructive force in our society, and the most destructive effect of advertising is its promotion of negative stereotypes, specifically in women. Advertising is an over 100 billion dollar a year industry and affects each and every one of us throughout our lives. Advertisments and the sell more then just products; they sell images, values, love and sexuality, popularity, success, and worth. Ads tell us who we are and who we should be, even if that is not their intention, but for the most part, it is. Media within our society constantly degrades women and sends negative messages about the ways in which women should be treated; women are becoming objectified in the sense they are viewed as objects with little value. The media, which seems to endlessly show women as sexual objects, has the capability of limiting a woman’s potential and damaging their self worth. And if being bombarded with images of other skimpily dressed women is causing comparison, competition, and self-loathing, how is more of the same going to actually help? The focus that women place on their bodies in this culture is unhealthy and imbalanced. The body is important, and it is a big deal. As with all attempts to deny reality, there are consequences. Why else would uninhibited exposure be causing so many emotional and self-esteem issues for so many women? Advertising highly profiles ‘Body Perfect’ ideals that are both insincere and physically wrong. Annotated Bibliography: â€Å"Body Image and Advertising. † Media Scope. http://www. mediascope. org/pubs/ibriefs/bia. htm Online. 17 March 2004. Summary: Notes the overwhelming use of sexuality and beauty as a marketing tool for advertisers and its effects on young women by promoting the â€Å"thin ideal. † Cites statistics from studies about young women’s responses to advertising in women’s magazines that includes consequences such as eating disorders and a distorted body image. Response: It is a big deal for the media to put out advertisements that the â€Å"thin ideal† is what women around the world should look like. I think that the girls/women we see on billboards or in magazines is just a false reality. Seeing the women on billboards who are stick skinny, is a toxic and depressing way to sell merchandise, and it works. Women are so caught up with the â€Å"thin ideal† that it leads young teenagers and women to accept eating disorders and to distort their body, to look pleasing enough to society. Heinberg, Leslie J. Thompson, J. Kevin. The Media’s Influence on Body Image Disturbance and Eating Disorders: We’ve Reviled Them, Now Can We Rehabilitate Them? † Journal of Social Issues. 55 (Summer 1999) Issue 2: 339-354. LexisNexis. Online. 17 March 2004. Summary: Notes the obvious tie between images and messages in mass media to body image and eating disorders. Mentions the changes in media messages from pre-20th Century to t he present in their representation of the female body. Implies that responsible social marketing is better for communication and the media’s influence on a person’s psychology. Response: The way media messages have changed over the years is incredible. The media in the 21st Century has to be the most advanced of its time. The way they can advertise things so many different ways is genius. Although the access we have to it can be extremely hurtful. Having advertisements around us 24/7 can lead young women to have eating disorders and think less of their body. I do believe that the media has a big influence on how women see themselves and does lead women to eating disorders. The media has changed since the 20th century but I feel it has for the worse. Martin, Mary C. Gentry, James W. â€Å"Stuck in the Model Trap: The Effects of Beautiful Models in Ads on Female Pre-Adolescents and Adolescents. † Journal of Advertising. 26 (Summer 1997) Issue 2: 19. LexisNexis. Online. 17 March 2004. Summary: Discusses a study created to Asses the unintended effects advertising has on adolescent women, suggesting that these women hold themselves to the standards of advertising models and thus their self-esteem and body image are affected. Response: As real as models say they are they are promoting being skinny, tall, and attractive. I believe it is all fake, looking up to models isn’t a decent way to live. It doesn’t benefit you in anyway it is not real, yes, the models look pretty, and skinny but the media still photo shops most of them afterwards. Advertising with thin models will always have a negative affect on young women. The model industry needs to start portraying women in a more positive way in order to receive a more positive outcome.

The Game-Changer free essay sample

CRAAACK! I take two steps backward, hear screams from the stands, and fall down next to home plate. As I lower my head to the dirt, I spit out a thick mixture of blood and teeth. I was just hit straight in the mouth by an 80 mile-per-hour fastball. When the ambulance arrives, I stand up, to the surprise of terrified parents muttering about possible brain damage. My teammates stare at me as if I have risen from the dead. My solemn, stern coach is crying. I began to think that my life would never be the same, but did not realize that it may have changed in a positive way. What turned out to be the last baseball game I would play in high school would also prove to be the climax of my decade-long obsession with the sport. For the majority of my childhood, baseball was my life. I did not refer to periods of the year as â€Å"winter† or â€Å"summer†, but rather â€Å"the off-season† and â€Å"game time†. We will write a custom essay sample on The Game-Changer or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page My bedroom was filled to the brim with autographed balls, posters, and bats. I could not possibly comprehend how any American citizen could dislike our national pastime, and secretly held grudges against those who did. I could play, too. Boy, could I play. I was a member of the citywide all-star team from the age of 9 onward. I hit my first homerun at age 11, and let everyone I had ever met know it. All of my friends were fellow baseball players, and we would spend long summer days playing catch and homerun derby, talking about how someday we would play together in the big leagues. High school baseball was something completely different for me. The added pressure brought by weeklong tryouts, brutally lengthy practices, and the hope of progressing toward the Varsity team took some of the fun out of the game. My hobby turned into a hassle, and my nerves began to keep me from playing as well as I could. My dream of being a Varsity baseball player was closer than ever, but I was now playing with the hope of impressing the older players and the head coaches, instead of for my own enjoyment. After a life-changing moment or a near-death experience, many people choose to re-evaluate their lives. I did something very similar after the warm July night when I lost my teeth. When the pitch came, I thought it was a curveball, and stayed in the box to impress the Varsity players with my bravery. The pitch never curved, and my life has changed drastically ever since. At first, I felt that nothing positive could possibly come out of a fractured jaw, the loss of six front teeth, and a seemingly wasted summer spent traveling to dental appointments and eating soft foods. I quickly realized, however that I did not have to let sports determine the course of my high school life, and that I had numerous other interests and talents to explore. I knew that I would be free to live my life as I truly wanted, and so I gave up my beloved sport. It was one of the hardest decisions I have ever made, but one that has made me into a stronger person. Before, I could be defined as a â€Å"baseball kid†, but now I truly have too many different interests to be grouped into one category. In the year since my injury, I have been able to pursue many new facets of social and academic life. I have found the confidence to do things which I was previously hesitant to do, like join the school chorus, try out for the musical, and even start my own club. By re-evaluating my life through the decision to give up baseball, I have been able to experience many things that my previous sports-minded self would never have considered taking part in. Although my baseball accident was one of the worst events to ever occur in my life, the resulting decisions that I was able to make about my future have profoundly changed my outlook on life and allowed me to find my true self.

Free Essays on James Watts Biography

James Watt (1736-1819) James Watt was born in Greenock in 1736. Watt had little formal education because he had health problems during his childhood, but helping his father and seeing his father work at his shop made Watt develop an interest to make things work better. Later he went to London to learn to be a "mathematical and philosophical instrument maker", and when he returned to Glasgow he got a job making instruments with Glasgow University, who gave him a workshop. In 1763 John Anderson asked him to repair a steam engine he had bought. This early model was called: the Newcomen engine and it was very inefficient. The cylinder (where the piston was) had to be heated when steam was admitted, and then it had to be cooled again to condense the steam. This wasted a lot of time and fuel. Two years later, Watt had the idea of condensing the steam in a separate vessel. This removed the necessity for heating and cooling, making the engine faster, safer, and more fuel-efficient. The Watt’s engine was 75% more efficient than Newcome engine. Then Watt met Matthew Boulton, a Birmingham engineer, and started to make business with his new improved steam engine. At first Watt’s engines were used for pumping water from cornish tin and copper mines, steam power was used mainly for spinning, but eventually weaving was also powered by steam engine. By 1819, there were 18 steam weaving factories in Glasgow.This influenced into the Industrial Revolution, because people started to lose their jobs and the machines will replace them because now the industries preferred the machines. Besides of being an intelligent and creative person, Watt was also an insecure and a jealous person. When one employee of the company, a man named William Murdoch, started to experiment with high pressure of the steam engine, Watt discourage him from continuing his work. Murdoch’s engine was better and smaller than Watt’s engine. However, Murdoch... Free Essays on James Watt's Biography Free Essays on James Watt's Biography James Watt (1736-1819) James Watt was born in Greenock in 1736. Watt had little formal education because he had health problems during his childhood, but helping his father and seeing his father work at his shop made Watt develop an interest to make things work better. Later he went to London to learn to be a "mathematical and philosophical instrument maker", and when he returned to Glasgow he got a job making instruments with Glasgow University, who gave him a workshop. In 1763 John Anderson asked him to repair a steam engine he had bought. This early model was called: the Newcomen engine and it was very inefficient. The cylinder (where the piston was) had to be heated when steam was admitted, and then it had to be cooled again to condense the steam. This wasted a lot of time and fuel. Two years later, Watt had the idea of condensing the steam in a separate vessel. This removed the necessity for heating and cooling, making the engine faster, safer, and more fuel-efficient. The Watt’s engine was 75% more efficient than Newcome engine. Then Watt met Matthew Boulton, a Birmingham engineer, and started to make business with his new improved steam engine. At first Watt’s engines were used for pumping water from cornish tin and copper mines, steam power was used mainly for spinning, but eventually weaving was also powered by steam engine. By 1819, there were 18 steam weaving factories in Glasgow.This influenced into the Industrial Revolution, because people started to lose their jobs and the machines will replace them because now the industries preferred the machines. Besides of being an intelligent and creative person, Watt was also an insecure and a jealous person. When one employee of the company, a man named William Murdoch, started to experiment with high pressure of the steam engine, Watt discourage him from continuing his work. Murdoch’s engine was better and smaller than Watt’s engine. However, Murdoch...

Hospitality Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 10

Hospitality Management - Essay Example The purpose of communication is to clearly understand people and for the other people to understand me. The different background and personalities along with the different perceptions present great challenges in comprehending people and things. If my communication are, thus, improved, then the benefits are overly broad. Excellent communication skills will help be achieve a successful response from individuals, as well as the surroundings. It will help me build sound relationships in a personal and business setting. It will help me develop efficient problem solving plus decision making skills and improve my level of productivity. Effective communication skills will also improve my work flow and my personal and professional image. Finally, proper communication skills will help in compelling my advocacy. The reality is that proper communication skills are significant to peoples growth. It has to be among the areas which people must give consideration if they are having a personal develo pment plan. I have three areas of communication, which I feel I need to be good at in order to achieve my personal development plan. These areas include listening skills, writing skills and oral communication skills. In writing communication, it is significant that people know my English position, as well as my business English. In both of these views, my writing must be overly effective. I should know these diverse styles in writing and also when to apply each of the style. In listening communication, it is advisable to listen to what my heart and mind tells me. In order to achieve the effective listening skills, I have to maintain eye-contact with the people who speak or listen to me and never interrupt the speaker. I should learn to express my understanding through nodding instead of just interrupting the speaker like I used to do in the past. If I

The shortcomings experienced in the adult learning system syllabi that Dissertation

The shortcomings experienced in the adult learning system syllabi that is implemented by prisons departments - Dissertation Example This essay discusses that the British prison educational system has many challenges to overcome if it desires to address its mandate of rehabilitating prisoners. The British government must deal with the fact that the vast majority of the people it incarcerates have tremendous learning problems, including suffering from high levels of illiteracy and innumeracy than the general population. As a result, education in prisons is filled with many obstacles that the British government, staff, and prisoners must overcome. In order to ascertain the efficacy of its educational programmes in prison, the British government provides tests and diagnoses to seek if it can remedy the problems of prison learning. The issue of evaluating inmates remains a central concern for the prison educational system because of the particular characteristics of inmates that impact their learning, including the fact that some serve shorter sentences versus longer sentences, the lack of funding for classes, the abs ence of a system of transferring school records to the next prison, the lack of a uniform educational system for all, the constraints of prison life, the lack of access to the Internet and library, the lack of high level courses, etc. All of these factors and more militate against inmates learning in the prison educational system. However, in giving these tests, the thesis of this dissertation argues it has uncovered even more problems in terms of making these prisoners take them over and over again, which is called repetitive assessment diagnosis. Finally, it makes recommendations on how to address this problem. The construction of the syllabi design and implementation should not have any items that will cause monotony, such as repetition. Major academic theories of syllabi design and the implementation argue that the learning environment of learners may be definitive of the actual outcome of the learning. Repetition serves as a particular problem of the prison educational system w ith compromising syllabus implementation for inmates. One of the problems that plague the prison educational system is the routine practice of the relocation of prisoners and their subsequent successive subjection to diagnostic assessments. On the other hand, it underscores plausible solutions with respect to the prison educational system in the United Kingdom. With the collaboration of A4E (Action for Employment), adult education system, and prison’s setting training are carried out. The concept of assessment in the learning process and its coordination in successive procedures are important in facilitating education among students. The learning experience of students should to be facilitated with the use of assessment techniques that encourage active participation. Repetition in assessments could result in alienation and loss of interest from students. A well designed assessment should facilitate self-evaluation and progression in personal development rather than be punitiv e and repetitive. This study examines the problems in the prison educational system of the United Kingdom in regards to the assessment failures in its tests, especially in regards to repetitive evaluations of transferred prisoners. In order to understand the impact of successive

Leadership style of a successful international businessman

Leadership style of a successful international businessman INTRODUCTION This essay explores the leadership style of a successful international businessman, Howard Schultz, the Chief Executive Officer of Starbucks coffee-house company, arguably the worlds most successful coffee company. Fellner (2008) credited Schultz with having a highly successful year in 2003 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ with a net sales of $4.1 billion (almost twice what it had earned in 2000 when it yielded $265 million (p.16). Schultz was ranked as the 354th richest person within the USA in 2006 with a net worth of over one billion dollars (Forbes.com, 2006). Schultz joined the Starbucks Company initially as an executive in the early 1980s before becoming chief executive officer in 1987 and was credited for developing the company into an internationally recognized brand and multi-national corporation (James, 2009). He took a step down from CEO to Chairman in 2000 and witnessed the company struggle through the economic down-turn before returning to the helm as CEO in 2008 and navigating the compa ny through an international expansionist strategy whilst reducing the number of physical companies in the domestic US market. The premise of relevant leadership theories and models will be used to analyze the topic of Schultzs leadership style. In particular, one will assess the type of skills that he has demonstrated in order to ascertain his style of leadership in terms of competencies and meta-competencies. This assignment will enable the reader to understand what makes a successful entrepreneur and global leader by providing a lens into their world-view. In conjunction with references to academic discourse, the components of this effective leader are illuminated through a personal bibliography within the following section. CRITICAL ANALYSIS: LEADERSHIP THEORIES AND SCHULTZS LEADERSHIP STYLE Burns (1978) introduced a theory on leadership that has had global implications for organizations. At the heart of Burns argument was a differentiation between two different types of leader: transformational and transactional. The latter often bases his approach on interactions and exchanges with those at lower organizational tiers in order to meet his desired strategic goals. In turn, his employees get what they require such as a salary, praise or promotion in exchange for what the leader values (such as effective performance levels). Conversely, a transformational leader seeks to redress employee/follower concerns and meet their desires whilst leading effectively and dealing with organizational issues at a higher contextual level. In this latter respect, followers are accorded respect and encouraged to develop as persons in their own right. They are also encouraged to participate at a collective level in order to ensure organizational objectives are met. Transformational Leaders te nd to adapt a selling style of leadership. The influence of this approach is captured in the following quote: [It] engenders high levels of motivation and commitment among followers/members. The emphasis is on generating a vision for the organisation and leaders abilities to appeal to the higher ideals and values of followers/members in order to achieve high performance, high commitment and high inclusion to an organisation or system (Rodgers et al; 2003: p.16). The emphasis shift from Transactional to Transformational leadership occurred in order to redress the hierarchical imbalance associated with Transactional theories by encouraging active participation and inclusion amongst followers. Discourse widely proffers that effective leadership development is an ambiguous and contested concept due in part to the variability of peoples leadership styles. Bryman (2007) argues that heroic and hierarchical forms of leadership that focus on a leaders competencies and behaviours have traditionally prevailed within business circles yet are increasingly unsuitable in the current and somewhat chaotic, global business environment (Collinson, Collinson, 2009: p.367). It is widely argued that modern leaders must eschew novel skill-sets, meta-competencies such as inter-personal skills and positive behaviours in order to increase organizational efficiencies and effectiveness (Kiel and Watson, 2009). Kutz discusses some of the tensions emanating from globali zation and free-market structures where a: Constant pressure to innovate, gives rise to continually changing contexts. In turn, these phenomena require executives and leaders to respond and adapt to quickly changing contexts (2008: p.18). Schultz recent advocated the use of mobile technology to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the company by accepting purchase payments through a mobile device. A Starbucks Card-Mobile iPhone application also enables use in a gift card capacity by presenting a technically secure QR bar code for baristas to scan in front of a high-tech 2D scanner during the payment process (Butcher, 2010). Participating customers now have the ability to reload their card balance via their mobile device using a major credit card. They also have the ability to check the status of their My Starbucks Reward status and to search for Starbuck stores in situ (ibid). From an historical perspective and before mobile technologies were piloted and implemented across New York Stores, Schultz had a vision to create 2000 physical stores by the year 2000. Some observers credit this vision with the driver behind Starbucks success. Schultz used his ability to translate this vision across the organizations management teams and supervisors who possessed micro level visions that directly sustained and supported his aims: His powerful communication skills define a leader who knows not only what he stands for, but also the values he promotes, and who knows how to make an emotional connection with his listeners (Bloomberg Businessweek, 2006: n.p). At a lower contextual level, management and supervisors directly supported their staff by providing them with the opportunity and resources to grow through various activities such as coaching, training, mentoring and educational opportunities. A shift towards a situated, networked and fluid leadership style based on n ovel forms of participation has been the consequence of Schultzs actions. Schultz stresses the importance of sharing both the success and the credit of entrepreneurship (Neff Citrin, 1999). Collinson Collinson cited research by Bolden et al. (2008, 2009) within the higher education establishments which identified strong evidence of distributed leadership. Conversely, and paradoxically, respondents (employees) also recognized the importance of powerful and inspiring leaders (2009: p.376). Schultz advocated the purchase of companies including Seattle Coffee Company in the UK and subsequently expanded their operations beyond the United States into Europe and South East Asia. By 2003 the number of stores rose to 6,000 and by 2010 approximately 16 thousand stores existed in over 50 countries (New York Times, 2010). The success of Starbucks has been attributed to Schultz collaborative style that contained powerful social essence, encouraged follower empowerment and which was seen as non-hierarchical and less-centralized compared to many other business models. Starbucks business strategy was driven by a man who exhibited effective leadership skills by empowering lower-tiered management and staff to participate in decision-making activities (associated with the 2000 vision) and by, for instance, providing universal healthcare for all employees. Starbucks uses 2 mission statements which are noted in the companys website: To inspire and nurture human spirit one person, one cu p, and one neighbourhood at a time and Starbucks is committed to a role of environmental leadership in all facets of our business (www.starbucks.com). James (2009) recently noted how the company still prides itself on its treatment of workers (baristas) who receive the same health benefits as all other tiers of the company: He gave baristas health care plus a share of the profit. When the AIDS epidemic was at its height, Starbucks paid for terminal illness care for employees for 29 months until the government took over (n.p). James also noted some of the current tensions facing Starbucks Corp and its CEO in particular. Schultz may have provided all employees with a 401(k) plan and stock options (including health benefits); however Starbucks Workers Union has restricted rights which limit its ability to defend staff against low-paid work and unsociable hours. James noted how Schultz stated: I was convinced that under my leadership, employees would come to realize that I would listen to their concernsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦If they had faith in me and my motives, they wouldnt need a union. On his return to the CEO fold in 2008, Schultz planned to dramatically reverse a decline in sales and achieve a turnaround in the companies financial performance at a time when the business world presumed that Starbucks had effectively lost its innovative edge. He advocated the closure of 300 US stores and cut hundreds of jobs yet aggressively opened hundreds of new stores beyond the US market (New York Times, 2010). Schultz took the decision to downsize in the US market and expand further globally with the support of his senior management team. This reflects Hughes, Ginnett, and Curphy (1999, p. 365), who found that: [members] solidify into an interdependent team of mutually supporting friends and colleagues (cited in Bentley et al; 2004). Tobak, (2009) questions whether Schultz had the vision at that time to acknowledge that Starbucks undertook such changes without foreseeing the problems that may ensue. He conveniently blamed the economic downturn  [1]  for much or Starbucks p roblems when in fact significant problems occurred approximately 18 months before the economy: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦took a nose dive. From January 2007 to August 2008, its share price was off 60 percent while the Nasdaq index was essentially flat. This is not about the economy, and Schultz knows it (n.p). Schultz stated in a recent July/August 2010 Harvard Business Review article: The past two years have been transformational for the company and, candidly, for me personally. When I returned, in January 2008, things were actually worse than Id thought. The decisions we had to make were very difficult, but first there had to be a time when we stood up in front of the entire company as leaders and made almost a confession-that the leadership had failed the 180,000 Starbucks people and their families. And even though I wasnt the CEO, I had been around as chairman; I should have known more. I am responsible. We had to admit to ourselves and to the people of this company that we owned the mistakes that were made. Once we did, it was a powerful turning point. Its like when you have a secret and get it out: The burden is off your shoulders. Cited in Petty (2010: n.p) In early 2009, the company bounced back and has seen more store traffic and renewed earnings growth with Starbucks shares raising to $24 a share. By spring 2010, the company: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦announced its first dividend to be paid in cash to investors. In April, the company said its profit rose more than eightfold in the second quarter, as more customers visited its stores and spent more (ibid: n.p). Kiel Watson (2009) suggest that most organizational issues encompass human rather than technical challenges and suggest: While no academic study has been conducted on this topic [affective leadership and emotional intelligence], we believe that [those] who are successful in developing the support of their communitiesare ones who expend considerable emotional labo[u]r (p.22). Schultz leadership style has been described in the following terms: They dont teach caring in business schools, and benevolence isnt usually discussed in corporate management seminars. But these values anchor Schultzs leadership philosophy as he seeks to build connections between people through demonstrations of heart and conscience. Starbucks baristas, for example, receive a Green Apron Book that exhorts them to be genuine and be considerate. And the company works hard to treat its coffee growers in Third World countries with dignity while purchasing their products at above-market prices (Meyers, 2005, p. 1) Lara Wyss, Starbucks director of global consumer public relations also noted how: The company is testing concept stores with various platforms that fit in with its Shared Planet pledge hat each new store built in 2010 will be Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certified (Zegler, 2010: p.62). Starbucks has recently introduced three concept stores in Seattle, Disneyland Paris and London. The former was recently redesigned in the light of its heritage concept theme and uses various recycled and revamped materials as part of its dà ©cor. Schultz illustrated examples of effective leadership by embracing a culture of open communication and by constructing active partnerships with his work-force. Schultz style of leadership would be at odds with a somewhat aggressive and negative management style that reflected an authoritarian and hierarchical leadership approach, such as that adopted by Michael OLeary from Ryanair. A Wall Street Journal (2009) article highlighted OLeary s abhorrence and total disregard of trade union power within the airline industry and how his drive for cost savings included the prospect of refusing free food for airline staff if the opportunity arose. Further criticism was directed at him for a perceived lack of moral leadership by refusing to provide wheel chair assistance for disabled passengers (Box Byus, 2005: p.68). Conversely: Starbucks was among the first companies to provide medical benefits to part-time employees. Today, however, Starbucks is spending more on healthcare than on coffee, and the workforce is nervous about shrinking benefits. Were not ever going to turn our backs on our partners [employees], says Schultz reassuringly. Then he faces reality. But we need relief. Where is the money going to come from? (US.news.com, 2005) In this respect, Schultz and OLeary are clearly different types of leaders with opposing leadership styles, yet both have similar beliefs in regards to trade union power. Fellners (2008) book viewed Schultz as the leader of a coffee chain with a proffered liberal consciousness and whose reputation was paradoxically categorized as a symbol of globalization and all that is immoral with free-market capitalism. She found paradoxes in the basis of employee friendly structures that espouse universal healthcare provision with anti trade-unionist practices; and between what she perceived as community individuality and forms of cultural hegemony. Carroll, Levy Richmond (2008) discussed Alvesson and Sveningssons (2003abc) research findings which stipulated that numerous managers involved in leadership development may effectively articulate abstract ideals such as vision and inspiration. However, an inability to define or explain concrete actions undertaken in pursuit of such ideals was also d eemed prevalent (ibid). CONCLUDING NOTES This section will provide a conclusion to the assignment and discuss some of its limitations. It was noted within the main body of text how different leadership styles can influence employee motivation and job satisfaction. A clear comparison can be made between Schultz leadership style and that of a successful entrepreneur in another industry (Michael OLearys Ryanair airline company). It was also discussed above how various leadership styles impact upon employee motivation and job satisfaction. Nelson and Quick (2006) attributed Schultzs leadership to a transformational style because his caring and generous nature reflects transformational leadership qualities. In some respects, it is clear that Schultz shows concern for the whole Starbucks organization and exhibits openness and debate amongst its employees and management rather than pursuing activities out of his own selfish interests. Spillane proposes that: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ from a distributed perspective, leadership practice takes shape in the interactions of people and their situation, rather than from the actions of an individual leader (2004: p.3). In realist terms, Fellner (2008) illuminated the chaotic social and business blend that Schultz embraces which seeks to maximize corporate profit by targeting new markets (foreign markets, mobile technology markets) whilst exhibiting sufficient social justice tendencies. It is this paradox that has led Schultz and his team to constantly align itself with one set of principles whilst seeking solace in another set of principles that are arguably at opposing sides of the spectrum. Collinson Collinson (2009) noted how Cameron et al. (2006) viewed effective leaders as: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦simultaneously paradoxical, integrating factors usually seen as competing, contradictory and even incompatible (ibid: 377). Schultz seems to have used high degrees of emotional intelligence by seeking alliances and partnerships within the Starbucks organization, rather than thrive on adversity and seek economic benefit from unethical channels. As noted above, OLearys approach to staff meals and customer wheel chairs highlight his domineering and hierarchical leadership approach whilst Schultz willingness to support employees suffering from HIV shows aspects of social justice in his personality traits. Schultz embraced change and development in a chaotic, competitive and complicated external environment. He seemed to display a significant amount of vision and emotional intelligence in order to transform the status quo into a global brand in over 50 countries. Overall, the literature suggests that modern leaders must provide effective leadership skills that compliment and encompass traditional management skills. These are increasingly linked to emotional intelligence, empowerment, empowerment, reflection, the ability to take risk without apprehension and the need to reflect upon the ethical and moral consideration of others. Schultz openness for social and ethical practices in pursuit of Starbucks business objectives has been applauded by many observers. Much of Schultz skills included trust building, negotiating with opponents and encouraging mutual co-operation. Therefore, one must possess a combination of hard, technical and softer, intuitive leadership skills in order to solidify their role as an effective leader in all situations. They must also be charismatic and inspirational yet calculated risk takers in order to navigate their respective organizations through the chaos and complexity (for instance, see Wheeler et al., 2007 in Coll inson Collinson, 2009)

Pyrotechnics :: essays research papers

PYROTECHNICS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Pyrotechnics special effects are widely used in motion picture production to create all types of effects involving explosions, fires, light, smoke and sound concussions. The types of pyrotechnics materials used include flash powder, flash paper, gun cotton, black powder (gunpowder), smokeless powder, detonator explosives, and many more. They are used in bullet hits (squibs), blank cartridges, flash pots, fuses, mortars, smoke pots, sparkle pots, etc. The main problems of pyrotechnics include prematurely triggering the pyrotechnic effect, use of larger quantities or more dangerous materials than needed, causing a fire, lack of adequate fire extinguishing capabilities, and, of course, inadequately trained and experienced pyrotechnics operators. As a result of these risks, all pyrotechnics special effects are regulated at the federal, state and local level. In general, all pyrotechnics are explosives, but not all explosives are pyrotechnics. Class A explosives (high explosives) are materials like dynamite and Primacord which may detonate even if unconfined. Pyrotechnic special effects materials are Class B explosives. They will burn, but not explode unless confined. Examples are black powder and pellet powder, safety fuses, igniters, igniter cord, fuse lighters, Class B special fireworks, and Class B composite solids propellants. Class C explosives are common fireworks. Note that short lengths of Primacord may be classified as Class C under certain conditions. Both Class B and C explosives are also called low explosives. All pyrotechnic materials and other explosives consist of an oxidizer (source of oxygen) and a reducer (fuel). Examples of oxidizers include potassium nitrate, strontium nitrate, potassium perchlorate and potassium chlorate. Examples of fuels include metals like magnesium and aluminum, sulfur, silicon dioxide, and organic fuels like charcoal, starch, resins, and chlorinated hydrocarbons. The choice of fuel and oxidizer determines the type of effect (flash, smoke, sound, etc.) its color, and its intensity. There are two basic types of pyrotechnic materials: single component and two component systems. Single component materials will either burn if ignited, or explode if ignited when enclosed, since the oxidizer and fuel are in the same mixture. Flash paper, for example, is a partially nitrated cellulose and contains both fuel and oxidizer internally. The traditional black powder has potassium nitrate as the oxidizer, and sulfur and charcoal as fuels. In two component or binary systems, the oxidizer and fuel are separate components which are transported and stored separately and only mixed when ready to use.

Turning Strategy into Great Performance

First, let me start by explaining that a lot of times executives, and some HR leadership fail to recognize that performance and potential are two completely different dynamics that get often confused when companies are trying to hire new talent or possibly promote their current talent for new roles within their organizations. In fact, today's leaders cannot assume that their current top performers are the next potential talent in the industry for future purposes. Certainly, high performers may master their specific job task at the moment, but the â€Å"potential† challenge is going to be how well they will adapt to future role changes, and the ambiguity that may follow with that new role and their current skills capability. Unlike performance, individuals showing potential are identified by how well they adapt at accomplishing new tasks quickly and effectively while learning new roles quicker than their peers. After all, performance keeps businesses running optimally at the moment, but it's potential that helps run the future state of the business and that's what's needed to bring companies to the next level. Besides, employees who have potential have the ability to grow and take on more responsibilities in the future. In short, performance keeps the business moving, while potential makes the business prosper, grow, and mature.In fact, this is where the dynamic changes to potential rather than performance. In his book on Strategy-Driven Talent Management, Silzer and Dowell, (2009) explains that Executives and human resource personnel need to be better trained at accurately assessing talent to identify both potential and behavior rather than just judging by past performance because they will need to predict and envision whether a person will be successful in the long-term or not in future new roles. In the same way, they will need to take into consideration the fact that before moving existing talent into future positions that assessment measures must be taken whether these individuals will continue to be able to perform and grow in their new roles as they did in their past roles. In particular, consider how likely they are to develop and be successful in rapidly learning, adapting, and growing into these future roles (Silzer, & Dowell, 2009). In the same way, Church and Rotolo, (2013) explain in their benchmark survey of large corporations that multi-source assessment tools are a great way for organizations to make decisions about their potential talent and performance identification within their talent pools; help aid in succession planning; and drive behavior change for those selected individuals. In addition, they emphasized that not one specific tool is perfect, but that in using many feedback assessment tools the common end result should point to the same conclusion. In fact, they found specifically that the constant feedback from executives and their peers using 360-degree feedback surveys were successful in almost 70% of the organizations researched. The 360-degree feedback survey helped executives make important decisions regarding their talents potential and performance measurements towards predicting future behavior. Similarly, they also discussed the importance of making these surveys specific to their own needs, challenges, and business strategies (Church, & Rotolo, 2013).Likewise, Dries, Vantilborgh, & Pepermans, (2012) explain the role of learning agility and career variety in the identification and development of high potential employees. Their research found that in order to help identify talent in high potential individuals those individuals needed to succeed in a variety of other roles while being subjected to tough or difficult conditions other than their current limited job tasks and their past performance alone. In fact, those select employees needed to have a high agility for continuous learning they had to be willing and able to learn new competencies. Nevertheless, they emphasized that management in the past have always depended on current job performance to identify high potentials, but have failed because not all high performers are high potential individuals. In brief, they emphasized the need for a learning agility assessment in their development and identification of high potential individuals, in order for organizations to sustain their competitive advantage (Dries, Vantilborgh, & Pepermans, 2012). Equally important, is Campbell & Smith's, (2010) article on High-potential talent: A view from inside the leadership pipeline. These two researchers found that an overwhelmingly 96% of survey participants said that both engagement and commitment were very high on their list for developing potential employees to be motivated to perform above and beyond their specific job duties. More importantly, they explained the vital role that their employee's experiences and perspectives play in identifying potential talent from within the companies talent pipeline. In fact, they believe that when companies invest in talent management to include both career pathways and support for their high potential employee developments that those processes help identify the next steps needed to advance leadership potential and performance within the organization. All the while, building employee engagement, commitment and loyalty to their organization that results in an overall business advantage (Campbell, & Smith, 2010). Nevertheless, because it's such a financial challenge to attract, develop, and support talent management policies for companies today, I believe it's vital for organizations to have in place retention initiatives, tools, and resources to help avoid any such loss of their high potential employees intellectual knowledge, skills, and abilities. Besides, there is a high cost of turnover for companies when employees leave for career advancement elsewhere. Surprisingly, Frey, & Stechstor, (2007) found in their double round of survey interviews of twelve senior human resource experts from large and medium multinational companies that in the first round of the survey, most companies had no real retention management policies or initiatives in place and that their attitudes towards retention management strategies varied greatly from some who thought it was critical to the success of the company, to some who didn't think retention tools were necessarily important at all (Frey, ; Stechstor, 2007). Subsequently, in the second round of survey questionnaires, collected from those same HR experts who were asked to then rate three specific categories of retention management tools that were deemed to be most important to them when possibly implementing them in their own retention policy strategies. The categories for the initiatives for retention were labeled as:1. ‘Must-have', 2. ‘Optional', or3. ‘Trend-setting' As a result of the data collected, in the first group of ‘must have' employee retention tools HR management of those twelve organizations thought that performance related pay, constant feedback, culture and developmental career opportunities were the highest priority for retention of high potential talent. Next, they thought that the second most important tools for retention that should be in the ‘optional' group were listed as job rotation, retirement benefits, coaching, and mentoring. Finally, in the third ‘trend setting' category the tools that they thought were good for future retention strategies were stock options, working from home, and specific job tailoring (Frey, ; Stechstor, 2007). In sum, the value of investing in employee training and development can help an organization in many ways. Namely, by having the ability to run a business leaner and more importantly, by helping to diversify the talent and potential that already exists within the organization. Certainly, when companies invest in their employee development and talent management policies it motivates employees to perform at their best, while at the same time offsetting costs associated with high employee turnover, and retention of skilled labor. All in all, in these difficult economic times when businesses are cutting costs and headcount, identifying and assessing high potential employees can help management move workers around to different areas of the business and run a leaner and cost efficient process. Finally, a company with good employee development also attracts loyal and motivated individuals. Simply put, businesses must have employees who are knowledgeable in more than one skillset to remain competitive. Altogether, training, assessments, and education help ensure that employees have the skills needed to perform their business needs. Therefore, when you invest in your employee's aspirations and abilities, it improves your business performance, efficiency, loyalty, and profit. In other words, the ROI on employee talent development is one of the best long-term investments that a company can make.

Green Innovation in Tourism for Economic Sustainability...

The tourism sector has undoubtedly become one of the globe’s foremost drivers of economic development, sustainability and progress. This is because its rate of growth, links to other economic sectors as well as dependence on a relatively unblemished natural environment puts it into an inimitable position from an economic sustainability and development perspective. In the same breath, tourism has been singled out as one of the key sectors that can play a leading role in the world’s transition to an inclusive green economy characterized by low carbon release. Strategic shifts in tourism practices have the potential of yielding major benefits capable of stimulating change towards better sustainability not only in the tourism industry but in†¦show more content†¦Since they are also cost effective, they will reduce the sector’s expenses to some extent. This reduction in expenditure will ascertain the sector’s economic sustainability in the long run (Eu ropean Future Energy Forum, 2010, para. 1). Many researchers have found that green products last longer than non green products (Ottman, 1998, p. 89). This has particularly been observed in natural cleaning products, recycled paper, footwear made from recycled materials, hybrid cars and baby care products manufactured without artificial chemicals (Hopkins, 2009, p. 87). The fact that they can be recycled and used over and over again demonstrates their durability. At the moment, the tourism sector has been accused of excessively using non durable products, a situation that has to change via the adoption of green products. Through this transformation, the tourism sector will benefit greatly from adopting green innovations since they will last longer, saving the sector generous amounts of expenditure. This will enhance the sector’s economic long term sustainability. Green innovations are primarily aimed at conserving the environment, the very foundation on which the tourism sect or is founded. The tourism sector has suffered profoundly from environment degradation. For instance, global warming has led to the melting of glaciers. 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